Addresses the impact on international marketing of major trends in the external and internal environment of the firm: technology-enabled international marketing research, global account management, procurement and international supplier networks, internationalization of small and entrepreneurial firms, and outsourcing and offshoring.
This introductory text describes the principles of invariant measurement, how invariant measurement can be achieved with Rasch models, and how to use invariant measurement to solve measurement problems in the social, behavioral, and health sciences. Rasch models are used throughout but a comparison of Rasch models to other item response theory (IRT) models is also provided. Written with students in mind, the manuscript was class tested to help maximize accessibility. Chapters open with an introduction and close with a summary and discussion. Numerous examples and exercises demonstrate the main issues addressed in each chapter. Key terms are defined when first introduced and in an end-of-text glossary. All of the book’s analyses were conducted with the Facets program. The data sets used in the book, sample syntax files for running the Facets program, Excel files for creating item and person response functions, links to related websites, and other material are available at www.GeorgeEngelhard.com. Highlights include: A strong philosophical and methodological approach to measurement in the human sciences Demonstrations of how measurement problems can be addressed using invariant...
This book focuses on the use of the Rasch measurement model in validation studies and in analyzing the psychometric properties of a variety of test instruments, questionnaires, and scales in international contexts. It broadly examines the development and application of Rasch modeling, providing in-depth analyses of the properties of various scales used in the fields of education, and humanities and social sciences research. The book includes exemplary works on educational research and practices that highlight recent and innovative applications, as well as theoretical and practical aspects of Rasch modeling. Readers will find it helpful to understand the latest approaches to Rasch measurement in educational research, as well as practices for future studies and quantitative research. 'This book provides a diverse set of perspectives on Rasch models from scholars across the globe. The volume is both theoretical and applied. The first section of the book provides an overview of Rasch modeling and explains the theoretical and conceptual framework underlying the Rasch model. The remainder of the book highlights multiple applications of the Rasch model within educational assessment as...
Despite the overwhelming use of tests and questionnaires, the psychometric models for constructing these instruments are often poorly understood, leading to suboptimal measurement. Measurement Models for Psychological Attributes is a comprehensive and accessible treatment of the common and the less than common measurement models for the social, behavioral, and health sciences. The monograph explains the adequate use of measurement models for test construction, points out their merits and drawbacks, and critically discusses topics that have raised and continue to raise controversy. Because introductory texts on statistics and psychometrics are sufficient to understand its content, the monograph may be used in advanced courses on applied psychometrics, and is attractive to both researchers and graduate students in psychology, education, sociology, political science, medicine and marketing, policy research, and opinion research. The monograph provides an in-depth discussion of classical test theory and factor models in Chapter 2; nonparametric and parametric item response theory in Chapter 3 and Chapter 4, respectively; latent class models and cognitive diagnosis models in Chapter 5; ...
The transition from whole numbers to rational numbers and the associated mastery of the multiplicative conceptual field constitute an important development in lower secondary schooling. This study draws primarily on the theory of conceptual fields as a framework that is mathematical and enables a cognitive perspective by identifying the concepts- and theorems-in-action that lead to underlying concepts and theorems. Application of the Rasch model configures the location of both item difficulty and learner proficiency on one scale. Diagnostics explore the validity of the instrument for measurement. The ordering of items enables the analysis of hierarchical conceptual strands and additional insights into the mastery of concepts by subsets of learners at particular levels. The resulting matrix, of interactions of learner proficiency and item complexity, provides an overview of the concepts attained and not yet mastered. These insights permit teacher interventions specific to each learner subset at a shared common current zone of proximal development along the scale. Caroline Long has received her doctorate in Mathematics Education from the University of Cape Town in 2011 and is Senior ...
This book develops an intuitive understanding of IRT principles through the use of graphical displays and analogies to familiar psychological principles. It surveys contemporary IRT models, estimation methods, and computer programs. Polytomous IRT models are given central coverage since many psychological tests use rating scales. Ideal for clinical, industrial, counseling, educational, and behavioral medicine professionals and students familiar with classical testing principles, exposure to material covered in first-year graduate statistics courses is helpful. All symbols and equations are thoroughly explained verbally and graphically.
Item response theory (IRT) has moved beyond the confines of educational measurement into assessment domains such as personality, psychopathology, and patient-reported outcomes. Classic and emerging IRT methods and applications that are revolutionizing psychological measurement, particularly for health assessments used to demonstrate treatment effectiveness, are reviewed in this new volume. World renowned contributors present the latest research and methodologies about these models along with their applications and related challenges. Examples using real data, some from NIH-PROMIS, show how to apply these models in actual research situations. Chapters review fundamental issues of IRT, modern estimation methods, testing assumptions, evaluating fit, item banking, scoring in multidimensional models, and advanced IRT methods. New multidimensional models are provided along with suggestions for deciding among the family of IRT models available. Each chapter provides an introduction, describes state-of-the art research methods, demonstrates an application, and provides a summary. The book addresses the most critical IRT conceptual and statistical issues confronting researchers and...
While the primary purpose of the book is a celebration of John’s contributions to the field of measurement, a second and related purpose is to provide a useful resource. We believe that the combination of the developmental history and theory of the method, the examples of its use in practice, some possible future directions, and software and data files will make this book a valuable resource for teachers and scholars of the Rasch method. This book is a tribute to Professor John P Keeves for the advocacy of the Rasch model in Australia. Happy 80th birthday John! xii There are good introductory texts on Item Response Theory, Objective Measurement and the Rasch model. However, for a beginning researcher keen on utilising the potentials of the Rasch model, theoretical discussions of test theory and associated indices do not meet their pragmatic needs. Furthermore, many researchers in measurement still have little or no knowledge of the features of the Rasch model and its use in a variety of situations and disciplines. This book attempts to describe the underlying axioms of test theory, and, in particular, the concepts of objective measurement and the Rasch model, and then link...
In an insightful and provocative juxtaposition, Margaret Dickie examines the poetry of three preeminent women writers_Gertrude Stein, Elizabeth Bishop, and Adrienne Rich_investigating the ways in which each attempts to forge a poetic voice capable of expr
In this booklet compiled from Life-study of Philippians, Witness Lee presents five aspects of the divine and rich provision for our constant salvation: the pattern with its standard, the inward operation of God, the children of God, shining as luminaries, and the word of life (Phil. 2:5-16). If we enjoy all these aspects, we shall experience constant salvation.
Reprint of the original, first published in 1881.
Looking to escape the rat race and retire young and wealthy? Look no further than "Escape the Rat Race: Retire Young and Rich with Passive Income." This comprehensive guide will give you the tools and knowledge you need to build passive income streams and achieve financial freedom. With expert advice on real estate investments, stock investments, digital products, affiliate marketing, and more, this guide will help you diversify your income and build a strong financial foundation. You'll learn how to set achievable financial goals, evaluate your income and expenses, manage your finances, and overcome common roadblocks to early retirement. But this guide isn't just about the financial aspects of retiring young and wealthy. It also covers the importance of work-life balance, energy management, networking, and time management. You'll learn how to prioritize your physical and mental well-being, build strong relationships, and manage your time effectively to achieve a healthy work-life balance. So if you're ready to take control of your financial future and achieve early retirement and financial freedom, "Escape the Rat Race: Retire Young and Rich with Passive Income" is the guide for...
In this book, Newsmax senior financial analyst and lifelong investor Andrew Packer reviews the latest challenges facing investors today. Packer outlines a step-by-step approach to understanding the current investment environment, and what to look for when allocating your capital today. Rather than swinging for the fences and hoping for the best, Packer reveals high-reward, yet low-risk investment opportunities still available to investors today. These opportunities will appeal to anyone who wants to supercharge their retirement savings and grow their nest egg without complicated and risky strategies.
One Thousand Secrets of Wise and Rich Men Revealed by C. A. Bogardus is a captivating exploration of the principles and strategies employed by successful individuals throughout history. Published in the early 20th century, this book offers valuable insights into the mindsets and habits that have paved the way for wealth and wisdom. Bogardus, a keen observer and chronicler of human behavior, distills the wisdom of countless influential figures into actionable advice, presenting readers with a roadmap to achieving success in their own lives. The book is structured around the idea that the paths to wealth and wisdom are not shrouded in mystery; rather, they can be illuminated through the study of those who have come before us. Each chapter delves into different aspects of success, ranging from financial acumen and entrepreneurship to personal development and character building. Bogardus emphasizes that success is not merely a result of luck or chance; instead, it requires specific actions, beliefs, and strategies that can be learned and adopted by anyone willing to invest the time and effort. One of the core themes of the book is the importance of mindset. Bogardus introduces readers ...
This book aims to empower the reader to believe in himself / herself and it is possible to be Happy and Rich! An example is "I desire the success of a magical wealthy life because it gives me the resources to help many others!" Have FUN and ENJOY BEING HAPPY AND RICH!
This series presents substantial results from around the globe in selected areas of educational research. The field of education is consistently on the top of priority lists of every country in the world, yet few educators are aware of the progress elsewhere. Many techniques, programs and methods are directly applicable across borders. This series attempts to shed light on successes wherever they may occur in the hope that many wheels need not be reinvented again and again. Contents: Preface; The Implications of the Expansion of China into the Global Educational Arena; The Role of Technology in Overcoming the Digital Divide; Past Research on Ghana's Education; China ESL: An Industry Run Amuck?; The Measurement of Quality at Universities; Performance-Based Pay for Teachers; Development Trends in Children's Writing Performance; A Practical Case, Implications and Issues of Systematically Building a Distributed Web-based Learning Community; Images and Texts in the Learning of Models: the Sun-Earth-Moon System; Pell Grants: Background and Issues; Educational Background: The Modern Educational System; The Structure of the Modern Educational System;; Higher Education Tax Credits and Deduc
An informative glimpse into the world of German Protestants in the difficult Hitler era, Faith and Fatherland approaches the history of the Church Struggle from the "bottom up," using sources like pastors' correspondence, parish newsletters, local newspaper accounts, district superintendents' reports, and local church statistics. While Jantzen confirms the general understanding that German Protestants failed to resist or even critique the Nazi regime, he reveals a surprising diversity of opinion and variety of action, including the successful efforts of some Lutheran pastors and parishioners to resist the nazification of their churches.
Have you ever wondered what leads to success. Do you just need to be smart, great looking, or lucky? Richard St. John says those things dont lead to success. And he should know. He spent 10 years interviewing over 500 successful people, from Martha Stewart, to actor Russell Crowe, to DNA discoverer James Watson, to the top people in many fields. After analyzing and sorting all the information, Richard discovered the top 8 factors that are the foundation for success in any field. He also discovered that many successful people aren't especially smart, good-looking, or lucky. They're ordinary people, without special gifts, who achieve success by following the8 factors. Richard himself is a good example. He says, I could never figure o ut how an ordinary guy like me succeeded in business, won top awards and became a millionaire. So I started a project to ask other people what led to their success, and it grew into a 10-year journey of discovery. The story is in Richards new book, Stupid, Ugly, Unlucky and RICH Spikes Guide to Success, an easy-to-read analysis that gets beyond the cliches to distill what the worlds most successful people really do have in common."
Considers S. 3093, to amend the Fisheries Marketing Act to allow local fishermen's organizations to bargain concerning the sale of fish caught by its members. Oct. 15 hearing was held in Seattle, Wash.; Oct. 16 hearing was held in Ketchikan, Alaska; Oct. 17 hearing was held in Petersburg, Alaska; Oct. 18 hearing was held in Anchorage, Alaska; Oct. 19 hearing was held in Dillingham, Alaska; and Nov. 8 hearing was held in Kodiak, Alaska.
Dr. Zhao has assembled the top experts in the field of urology to present state-of-the-art clinical reviews devoted to Male Urethral Reconstruction and the Management of Urethral Stricture Disease. The issue is divided into three sections, with focus on evlaluation and follow up, urethroplasty technique, and conditions affecting outcomes. Authors have specifically addressed the following topics: Definition of successful treatment and optimal follow up in urethral strictures; Cost analyses for evaluation and treatment of urethral strictures; Sexual dysfunction after urethroplasty; Endoscopic treatment of urethral stricture; Endoscopic treatment for urethral stenosis; Patient selection for urethroplasty technique: EPA vs Graft; Effect of graft location in urethroplasty; Non-transecting urethroplasty; Urethroplasty for panurethral urethral stricture; Use of alternative graft material in urethroplasty; Effect of Lichen Sclerosis on success of urethroplasty; Treatment of radiation induced urethral strictures; Effect of artificial urethral sphincters on strictures; Urethral strictures after transgender surgery; and Management of urethral strictures after hypospadias repair. Readers will ...
The papers by Jack Stenner included in this book document the technical details of an art and science of measurement that creates new entrepreneurial business opportunities. Jack brought theory, instruments, and data together in ways that are applicable not only in the context of a given test of reading or mathematics ability, but which more importantly catalyzed literacy and numeracy capital in new fungible expressions. Though Jack did not reflect in writing on the inferential, constructive processes in which he engaged, much can be learned by reviewing his work with his accomplishments in mind. A Foreword by Stenner's colleague and co-author on multiple works, William P. Fisher, Jr., provides key clues concerning (a) how Jack's understanding of measurement and its values aligns with social and historical studies of science and technology, and (b) how recent developments in collaborations of psychometricians and metrologists are building on and expanding Jack's accomplishments. This is an open access book.
Categorical Variables in Developmental Research provides developmental researchers with the basic tools for understanding how to utilize categorical variables in their data analysis. Covering the measurement of individual differences in growth rates, the measurement of stage transitions, latent class and log-linear models, chi-square, and more, the book provides a means for developmental researchers to make use of categorical data. - Measurement and repeated observations of categorical data - Catastrophe theory - Latent class and log-linear models - Applications
In this tribute to Benjamin Wright, former students and colleagues recall the foundational contributions he made to the theory and practice of measurement in a career spanning over five decades. Wright is recognized as the foremost proponent of the psychometric approach of Georg Rasch, a Danish mathematician, whose ideas continue to provoke controversy. Wright’s colleagues and students, and students of their students, are leaders in educational research and practice around the world. This volume relates the extent of Wright’s influence far beyond education and psychology, where his work in measurement began, into health care and the social sciences at large. The editors and contributors—all leading measurement scholars—trace the development of themes in Wright’s work, identifying the roots of today’s formative assessment methods, the integration of quantitative and qualitative data, and the contrast between scientific and statistical methods. These previously unpublished papers reflect on Wright’s lifelong passion for making measurement both more scientific and more meaningful. They recount how Wright’s insight, energy, and gregarious nature led him to produce...
Chronic diseases have become predominant in Western societies and in many developing countries. They affect quality of life and daily activities and require regular medical care. This unique monograph will bring readers up to date with chronic disease research, with a focus on health-related quality of life and patient perception of the impact of the diseases and health intervention, as well as psychological adaptation to the disease. It considers the application of concepts and measures in medical and psychological clinical practice and in public health policies. Informed by theory, philosophy, history and empirical research, chapters will indicate how readers might advance their own thinking, learning, practice and research. The book is intended to be provocative and challenging to enhance discussion about theory as a key component of research and practice. Perceived Health and Adaptation in Chronic Disease will be of interest to researchers and academics alike. It boasts a wide range of contributions from leading international specialists from Australia, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, the UK and the USA. This has also allowed the book to...
Entrusted by the Board of Management of the Pacific Rim Objective Measurement Symposium (PROMS), PROMS2012 is held in Jiaxing, China from August 6-9, 2012. Over the past years, PROMS has been hosted in many parts of the Pacific Rim, in Singapore, Malaysia, Hong Kong, Taiwan and Tokyo, which has greatly promoted the research of and contributed to the development of Rasch Model in one way or another. As early as in 1980s, the ideas and concepts regarding IRT was first introduced into China by Prof. Gui Shichun, my Ph.D supervisor, and it is Prof. Gui who first conducted with great success the ten-year long (1990-1999) Equating Project for Matriculation English Test (MET) in China. MET is the most influential entrance examination for higher education administered annually to over 3.3 million candidates then. The Equating Project won recognition by Charles Alderson and other foreign counterparts during 1990s. Academically, those were Good Old Days for Chinese testing experts and psychometricians. Then for certain reasons, the equating practice abruptly discontinued. Therefore, in China nowadays, the application of IRT-based software like BILOG, Parscale, Iteman 4 and others to real...
The family of statistical models known as Rasch models started with a simple model for responses to questions in educational tests presented together with a number of related models that the Danish mathematician Georg Rasch referred to as models for measurement. Since the beginning of the 1950s the use of Rasch models has grown and has spread from education to the measurement of health status. This book contains a comprehensive overview of the statistical theory of Rasch models. Part 1 contains the probabilistic definition of Rasch models, Part 2 describes the estimation of item and person parameters, Part 3 concerns the assessment of the data-model fit of Rasch models, Part 4 contains applications of Rasch models, Part 5 discusses how to develop health-related instruments for Rasch models, and Part 6 describes how to perform Rasch analysis and document results.
Drawing on the work of 75 internationally acclaimed experts in the field, Handbook of Item Response Theory, Three-Volume Set presents all major item response models, classical and modern statistical tools used in item response theory (IRT), and major areas of applications of IRT in educational and psychological testing, medical diagnosis of patient-reported outcomes, and marketing research. It also covers CRAN packages, WinBUGS, Bilog MG, Multilog, Parscale, IRTPRO, Mplus, GLLAMM, Latent Gold, and numerous other software tools. A full update of editor Wim J. van der Linden and Ronald K. Hambleton’s classic Handbook of Modern Item Response Theory, this handbook has been expanded from 28 chapters to 85 chapters in three volumes. The three volumes are thoroughly edited and cross-referenced, with uniform notation, format, and pedagogical principles across all chapters. Each chapter is self-contained and deals with the latest developments in IRT.
Since the publication of the first edition of Urethral Reconstructive Surgery, important refinements have been added to the urologic surgical armamentarium. Extensively revised and updated, Advanced Male Urethral and Genital Reconstructive Surgery, Second Edition guides urologists in a practical manner on how to evaluate and manage complex urethral and male genital reconstructive challenges. Chapters have been added on wound healing, synchronous urethral strictures, non-transecting anastomotic urethroplasty (including muscle and vessel sparing), overlapping buccal grafts, male urethral slings, genital skin grafting, Peyronie’s surgery, priapism, pediatric strictures and prosthetics. Such chapters greatly strengthen the overall appeal of the book. The volume closes with a new comprehensive appendix of preferred instruments. With broad contributions by international authorities in reconstructive urologic surgery, Advanced Male Urethral and Genital Reconstructive Surgery, Second Edition is a valuable resource for all urologists, from residents to reconstructive surgeons.
This volume is based on an international conference held at the Institute for Science Education (IPN) in Kiel in August 1985. The IPN is a national research institute for science education of the Federal Republic of Germany associated with the University of Kiel. The aim of this conference-to treat latent trait and latent class models under comparative points of view as well as under application aspects-was realized in many stimulating contributions and very different ways. We asked the authors of these papers to work out their contributions for publication here, not only because many of the papers present new material, but also because the time is ripe for a comprehen sive volume, working up the widespread literature of the past ten years in this field. We have tried to compile a volume that will be of interest to statistically oriented researchers in a variety of disciplines, including psychology, sociology, education, political science, epidemiology, and the like. Although the chapters assume a reasonably high level of methodo logical sophistication, we hope that the book will find its way into advanced courses in the above fields. We are grateful to the IPN for organizing the...
Jonathan Woolfson provides a study of why so many Englishmen were attracted to the University of Padua during Tudor times, and of how their experiences impacted on Tudor life and thought.
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