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The Imidazolinone Herbicides (1991)

Autor: Dale Shaner , Susan O'connor

Número de Páginas: 301

This book presents detailed information on the imidazolinone herbicides, provided in chapters contributed by scientists and product development managers who work for American Cyanamid, categorized in sections covering chemistry, biology, metabolism and residues, environmental fate and product performance. Each chapter has its own bibliography, and appendices give (a) details of the chemical and physical properties, formulations and trade names of imazapyr, imazamethabenz-methyl, imazethapyr and imazaquin, and (b) the scientific and common names of species used in the text. There is a general bibliography of references for each of the above imidazolinone herbicides and a useful subject index. The individual chapters are abstracted separately.

L'eclaircissement de la Langue Francaise

Autor: John Palsgrave

Número de Páginas: 1242

Apoptotic Pathways as Targets for Novel Therapies in Cancer and Other Diseases

Autor: Marek Los , Spencer B. Gibson

Número de Páginas: 411

As our understanding of apoptotic pathway expands, we are coming to realize the great potential of utilizing this pathway to treat diseases such as cancer. The book attempts to review, summarize, and speculate on the apoptotic pathways, how are they regulated and how targeted therapies are being used to treat a wide variety of diseases. Special emphasis is placed on cancer since new treatments either being developed or currently in the clinical setting are showing great promise to increase survival rates for cancer patients. Chapters will address the biology behind regulating the apoptotic pathways and what goes wrong in disease states whereas other chapters will concentrate on new therapies targeting apoptotic pathways. The reader by the end of the book should have greater insight into the understanding and utilization of apoptotic pathways to fight diseases such as cancer.

Year Book

Autor: American Society Of Civil Engineers

Número de Páginas: 408

Comprehensive Chirality

Número de Páginas: 5635

Although many books exist on the subject of chiral chemistry, they only briefly cover chiral synthesis and analysis as a minor part of a larger work, to date there are none that pull together the background information and latest advances in one comprehensive reference work. Comprehensive Chirality provides a complete overview of the field, and includes chiral research relevant to synthesis, analytic chemistry, catalysis, and pharmaceuticals. The individual chapters in each of the 9 volumes provide an in depth review and collection of references on definition, technology, applications and a guide/links to the related literature. Whether in an Academic or Corporate setting, these chapters will form an invaluable resource for advanced students/researchers new to an area and those who need further background or answers to a particular problem, particularly in the development of drugs. Chirality research today is a central theme in chemistry and biology and is growing in importance across a number of disciplinary boundaries. These studies do not always share a unique identifying factor or subject themselves to clear and concise definitions. This work unites the different areas of...

Death Receptors in Cancer Therapy

Autor: Wafik S. El-deiry

Número de Páginas: 374

An in depth review of our latest understanding of the molecular events that regulate cell death and those molecules that provide targets for developing agonists or antagonists to modulate death signaling for therapeutic purposes. The authors focus on the extrinsic system of death receptors, their regulation and function, and their abnormalities in cancer. Topics of particular interest include resistance to apoptosis, TRAIL signaling, death receptors in embryonic development, mechanisms of caspase activation, and death receptor mutations in cancer. Additional chapters address death signaling in melanoma, synthetic retinoids and death receptors, the role of p53 in death receptor regulation, immune suppression of cancer, and combination therapy with death ligands.

The Motivated Syntax of Arbitrary Signs

Autor: Erica C. García

Número de Páginas: 354

This detailed study challenges the claim that syntax is arbitrary and autonomous, as well as the assumption that Spanish clitic clusters constitute grammaticalized units. Diverse--apparently unrelated--restrictions on clitic clustering in both simplex VP's and Accusative cum Infinitive structures are shown to be cognitively motivated, given the meaning of the individual clitics, and the compositional/interpretative routines those meanings motivate. The analysis accounts, in coherent and principled fashion, for the absolute non-occurrence of some clusters, and the interpretation-dependent acceptability of all remaining clitic combinations: cluster acceptability depends on the ease with which the given clitic combination can be processed to yield a congruent message; there is no point in combining clitics whose meanings preclude speedy processing of the cluster. The monograph goes beyond previous work on Spanish clitics in its wealth of data, the range of syntactic phenomena discussed, and its analytic scope.

Advances in Immunology

Número de Páginas: 399

Advances in Immunology presents current developments as well as comprehensive reviews in immunology. Articles address the wide range of topics that comprise immunology, including molecular and cellular activation mechanisms, phylogeny and molecular evolution, and clinical modalities. Edited and authored by the foremost scientists in the field, each volume provides up-to-date information and directions for future research.

Treatment of Metastatic Melanoma

Autor: Rachael Morton

Número de Páginas: 364

Surgery continues to be the mainstay treatment for melanoma localized to the primary tumor and/or lymph nodes. Results from randomized controlled trials indicate that sentinel node biopsy for the treatment of cutaneous melanoma of intermediate thickness has a beneficial effect on recurrence rates, and adjuvant radiotherapy to regional lymph node fields following surgical resection reduces loco-regional recurrence in patients at high risk of relapse. Isolated limb perfusion, electrochemotherapy, and photodynamic therapy continue to be evaluated for treatment of stage IV disease. However, the greatest excitement in new treatment has been with targeted therapies for genetic mutations. In particular, the promising results of partial and complete tumor response in stage IV disease from early phase trials of the B-RAF kinase inhibitors. This book provides a contemporary insight into the therapeutic treatment options for patients with metastatic melanoma and is relevant to clinicians and researchers worldwide. In addition, an update on current clinical trials for melanoma treatment has been included, and two chapters have been reserved to discuss the treatment of oral and uveal melanoma.

Regular and Stochastic Motion

Autor: A. J. Lichtenberg , M. A. Lieberman

Número de Páginas: 518

This book treats stochastic motion in nonlinear oscillator systems. It describes a rapidly growing field of nonlinear mechanics with applications to a number of areas in science and engineering, including astronomy, plasma physics, statistical mechanics and hydrodynamics. The main em phasis is on intrinsic stochasticity in Hamiltonian systems, where the stochastic motion is generated by the dynamics itself and not by external noise. However, the effects of noise in modifying the intrinsic motion are also considered. A thorough introduction to chaotic motion in dissipative systems is given in the final chapter. Although the roots of the field are old, dating back to the last century when Poincare and others attempted to formulate a theory for nonlinear perturbations of planetary orbits, it was new mathematical results obtained in the 1960's, together with computational results obtained using high speed computers, that facilitated our new treatment of the subject. Since the new methods partly originated in mathematical advances, there have been two or three mathematical monographs exposing these developments. However, these monographs employ methods and language that are not readily ...

Urban Systems (Routledge Revivals)

Autor: C S Bertuglia , G. Leonardi , S. Occelli , G. A. Rabino , R. Tadei , Alan Wilson

Número de Páginas: 690

This edited collection, first published in 1987, provides a comparative analysis of different approaches to urban modelling, and lays the foundations for the possibility of integration and a more unified field. The first part contextualises the development of the field of urban systems modelling, focusing on the variety of approaches and possible implications of this on the future of research and methodology. Next, the editors consider economic and ‘non-economic’ approaches, followed by an analysis of spatial-interaction-based approaches. Providing an overview to the field and research literature, the overarching argument is that there should be an integrated methodological approach to urban system modelling.

Zinc Signals in Cellular Functions and Disorders

Autor: Toshiyuki Fukada , Taiho Kambe

Número de Páginas: 345

This book describes the crucial role of "zinc signals" in biological processes on a molecular and physiological basis, discussing future directions and questions underlying this unique phenomenon. To accomplish this, a group of worldwide leaders in the field, who have made outstanding contributions, overview zinc signals from a professional standpoint. Zinc plays an indispensable role in various cellular processes. It regulates a great number of protein functions including transcription factors, enzymes, adapters, and growth factors as a structural or catalytic factor or both. Recently, another function of zinc has received extensive interest and attention because of its potential importance as a signaling mediator. Zinc plays a dynamic role as an intracellular and extracellular signaling factor and thus regulates cellular signaling pathways, which enables communication between cells, conversion of extracellular stimuli to intracellular signals, and control of various intracellular events. These functions of zinc have become recognized as “zinc signals,” which play critical roles in physiology, and therefore their imbalance can cause a variety of problems with regard to human...

An Analytical Dictionary of Nahuatl

Autor: Frances E. Karttunen

Número de Páginas: 392

This is a comprehensive modern dictionary of the major indigenous language of Mexico, the language of the Aztecs and many of their neighbors. Nahuatl speakers became literate within a generation of contact with Europeans, and a vast literature has been composed in Nahuatl beginning in the mid-sixteenth century and continuing to the present.

The Máldive Islands

Autor: Harry Charles Purvis Bell

Número de Páginas: 158

A Report Of The Work Originally Published In 1883. Contains Introduction-Physical Features, Political Dimensions, Historical Sketch, Inhabitants, Production And Manufactures, Trade And Commerce, Money Investigates And Measures. Appendix A: Political Status Of The Sultan, Appendix B: Treatment Of Wrecks. Maps And Diagrams.

Metabolism Meets Function: Untangling the Cross-Talk Between Signalling and Metabolism

Autor: Alessandra Castegna , Paolo E. Porporato , Daniel Mcvicar

Número de Páginas: 231

This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.

Polish-English, English-Polish Dictionary

Autor: Iwo Cyprian Pogonowski , Iwo Pogonowski

Número de Páginas: 704

Polish and English bilingual dictionary with over 31,000 entries for students and travelers.

L'éclaircissement de la langue française par Jean Palsgrave, suivi de la Grammaire de Giles du Guez

Autor: Jean Palsgrave

Número de Páginas: 1238

Algebra, Arithmetic, and Geometry

Autor: Yuri Tschinkel , Yuri Zarhin

Número de Páginas: 723

EMAlgebra, Arithmetic, and Geometry: In Honor of Yu. I. ManinEM consists of invited expository and research articles on new developments arising from Manin’s outstanding contributions to mathematics.

Fluorine

Autor: Victor R Preedy

Número de Páginas: 412

Fluorine is best known for its role in the prevention of cavities and in improving oral and bone health however equally there are millions of people around the world suffering from dental fluorosis due to chronic exposure to high levels of fluoride in drinking water. This volume, written by leading researchers in this area, examines the positives and negatives of fluorine and its effects on humans for example fluoride-induced oxidative stress in the liver, effects of fluoride on insulin and preventing fluoride toxicity. Extremely useful for underpinning cross-disciplinary fluorine research, this book provides a fascinating insight for those with an interest in the health and nutritional sciences.

Molecular Mechanisms of Dementia

Autor: Wilma Wasco , Rudolph Tanzi

Número de Páginas: 313

The past decade has witnessed a revolution in the attempts of scientists to under stand the molecular basis of dementia. Although dementia, as defined by global cogni tive decline involving gradual loss of memory, reasoning, judgment, and orientation, presents most commonly in the form of Alzheimer's disease (AD), an assortment of other less common disorders, such as prion and Pick's disease, can also lead to symp toms that are similar to those observed in patients with AD. The primary goal of Molecular Mechanisms of Dementia is to address the various mechanisms and multi faceted approaches currently being employed to more clearly delineate the etiological and pathogenic events responsible for the onset of dementia. Perhaps the greatest boon to obtaining a clearer understanding of the causes of AD has come from genetic and molecular biological studies carried out over the past decade. At the genetic level, it has become increasingly clear that AD is a heteroge neous disorder that can be broadly classified into two categories. "Late onset" (>60 yr) cases, which account for the vast majority of AD, genetically involve "susceptibility" genes representing risk factors for the disease...

Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Autor: Joseph W.y. Lau

Número de Páginas: 416

Hepatocellular Carcinoma represents a leading cause of cancer death and a major health problem in developing countries where hepatitis B infection is prevalent. It has also become increasingly important with the increase in hepatitis C infection in developed countries. Knowledge of hepatocellular carcinoma has progressed rapidly. This book is a compendium of papers written by experts to present the most up-to-date knowledge on hepatocellular carcinoma. This book deals mainly with the basic research aspect of hepatocellular carcinoma. The book is divided into three sections: (I) Biomarkers / Therapeutic Target; (II) Carcinogenesis / Invasion / Metastasis; and (III) Detection / Prevention / Prevalence. There are 18 chapters in this book. This book is an important contribution to the basic research of hepatocellular carcinoma. The intended readers of this book are scientists and clinicians who are interested in research on hepatocellular carcinoma. Epidemiologists, pathologists, hospital administrators and drug manufacturers will also find this book useful.

Oncogenes as Transcriptional Regulators

Autor: Moshe Yaniv , Jacques Ghysdael

Número de Páginas: 256

The intensive study of molecular events leading to cellular transformation in tissue culture or in intact organisms culminated in the identification of 100 or more genes that can be defined as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. Functionally, these genes can be divided into several classes, each involved in a different step in transmission of signals from the exterior of the cell to the nucleus. The first oncogenes to be biochemically character ized included membrane receptors for growth factors, growth factors themselves, protein kinases or small GTP binding proteins involved in signal transduction. Later, the development of techniques to study pro teins-DNA interaction in eucaryotes and the isolation and characterization of many promoter and enhancer sequences revealed that a number of the classical retroviral oncogenes were indeed transcription factors. In paral lel, the rapid progress in the identification and cloning of chromosomal translocations in human and animal malignancies and the increased reper toire of known transcription factors families revealed that many other transcription factors can playa critical role in cancer. A more recent devel opment concerns tumor...

Redox-Genome Interactions in Health and Disease

Autor: Jürgen Fuchs , Maurizio Podda , Lester Packer

Número de Páginas: 692

At the nexus of advances in molecular genetics and findings in redox biology, this volume elaborates on the dynamics governing cellular redox states and aggregates the body of evidence linking oxidative stress and redox modulation with a host of monogenetic and polygenetic diseases.

Apoptosis Methods in Pharmacology and Toxicology

Autor: Myrtle A. Davis

Número de Páginas: 165

Dr. Myrtle A. Davis has assembled a panel of cutting-edge scientists to describe their best methods for detecting, illuminating, and quantifying apoptotic mechanisms in a way that is useful for the design of toxicology and pharmacology studies. These state-of-the-art techniques include flow cytometric, fluorometric, and laser scanning methods for quantifying and characterizing apoptosis, as well as protocols for the use of DNA microarray technology, high throughput screens, and ELISA. Immunocytochemical methods for measuring biochemical and molecular endpoints in tissue sections will be highly useful for those carrying out studies in whole animal models as opposed to cell culture systems.

Chemosensitivity Testing in Oncology

Autor: Uwe Reinhold , Wolfgang Tilgen

Número de Páginas: 262

Over the past 50 years many in vitro and in vivo drug response assay systems have been developed to determine the potential - tivity of chemotherapy agents. The idea was to eliminate ineffective agents and unnecessary toxic treatment while selecting drugs active in vitro or in the mouse model that might increase the probability of response in the patient. None of these test models, however, achieved routine clinical application in the past. This might be at least in part - lated to large discrepancies that were described between the s- cess rate of the assay systems and the clinical benefit in cancer - tients. The heterogeneity of chemosensitivity that exists between different tumors as well as between individual tumor lesions may be one explanation for these findings. Furthermore, different assay end points such as proliferation, metabolism, and vitality were - veloped to evaluate the effects of cytostatic drugs on tumor cells, and these might be related to the differing results. However, knowledge about procedures for assay-assisted treatment selection has increased rapidly within the past few years, and several studies suggest that test-directed chemotherapy selection now may - ...

Peptide Nucleic Acids, Morpholinos and Related Antisense Biomolecules

Autor: Christopher Janson , Matthew During

Número de Páginas: 300

This volume is unique to the existing literature in the Peptide Nucleic Acid field, in that it focuses on comparing and contrasting PNA with other available oligonucleotide homologues and considers areas in which these biomolecules could be profitably applied to clinical and diagnostic applications. Part I of the book addresses comparative strengths and weaknesses of various nucleoside homologues. Part II of the book addresses specific translational or clinical applications for PNA and related antisense biomolecules. The editors have succeeded in presenting a balanced yet broad view of the methods available for gene targeting and modification.

Neuro-Immune Connections to Enable Repair in CNS Disorders

Autor: Tim Vanmierlo , Bieke Broux , Jack Van Horssen , Niels Hellings

Número de Páginas: 243

This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Sustainable Agriculture: Inoculum Production and Application

Autor: Manoj Parihar , Amitava Rakshit , Alok Adholeya , Yinglong Chen

Número de Páginas: 425

This 2-volume book is an up-to-date overview of current progress in Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal (AMF) technique development, inoculum production and its quality regulations, application in agriculture, horticulture, agroforestry, and other ecosystems, along with nutrient management for sustainable food production. It contains the current advancement in basic and molecular techniques, challenges, opportunities, and determinates of various AMF production methods and major tools and techniques for their field application. Production and development of AMF is rapidly evolving and requires a multidisciplinary approach with up-to-date knowledge to broaden and strengthen the perspective of researchers involved in this domain. The volumes offer new insight and cutting-edge information for novices and experts such as students, academicians, researchers, environmentalists, industrialists, and others interested in mycorrhiza. The first volume covers some basic isolation techniques, enumeration,and molecular studies with recent advances in various in-vitro and in-vivo production technologies, regulatory issues, and application methodologies for field inoculation. It also discusses AMF...

Dietary Interventions in Gastrointestinal Diseases

Autor: Ronald Ross Watson , Victor R Preedy

Número de Páginas: 322

Dietary Interventions in Gastrointestinal Diseases: Foods, Nutrients and Dietary Supplements provides valuable insights into the agents that affect metabolism and other health-related conditions in the gastrointestinal system. It provides nutritional treatment options for those suffering from gastrointestinal diseases including Crohn's Disease, Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Ulcerative Colitis and Allergies, among others. Information is presented on a variety of foods, including herbs, fruits, soy and olive oil, thus showing that changes in intake can change antioxidant and disease preventing non-nutrients and affect gastrointestinal health and/or disease promotion. This book serves as a valuable resource for biomedical researchers who focus on identifying the causes of gastrointestinal diseases and food scientists targeting health-related product development. - Provides information on agents that affect metabolism and other health-related conditions in the gastrointestinal tract - Explores the impact of composition, including differences based on country of origin and processing techniques to highlight compositional differences and their effect on the gastrointestinal tract -...

Natural Products as Less Toxic Antitumoral/Antiangiogenic Agents Compared to Synthetic Conventional Chemotherapy

Autor: Cecilia Veronica Nunez , Laura Alaniz , Marne Carvalho De Vasconcellos

Número de Páginas: 140

Thyroid Hormones

Autor: Constanza Contreras-jurado

Número de Páginas: 257

This volume focuses on thyroid hormones and their transporters and receptors. Chapters focus on a wide range of methods and protocols that are important for advancing the elucidation of the role of thyroid hormones in our body. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and key tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Thyroid Hormones: Methods and Protocols aims to be a useful and practical guide to new researchers and experts looking to expand their knowledge.

The Genetics and Molecular Biology of Neural Tumors

Autor: Avery A. Sandberg , John F. Stone

Número de Páginas: 453

Collecting an extensive amount of information from thousands of publications by leading investigators in this rapidly developing field, this book provides a convenient and up-to-date one volume source for research in neural tumors of various cellular origins. With over 3,500 references, 110 figures and 120 tables, this volume gathers an astonishing body of knowledge regarding human neural tumors. This book is the first of its kind, encyclopedic and wide-ranging.

A New Dictionary of the English and German Languages

Autor: Hannibal Evans Lloyd

Número de Páginas: 1092

Cumulated Index Medicus

Número de Páginas: 1508

Ion Channels

Autor: James N. C. Kew , Ceri H. Davies

Número de Páginas: 586

Ion channels are intimately involved in the everyday physiological functions that enable us to live a full and varied life. When disease strikes, malfunction of ion channels or their dependent processes is often involved, either as the cause or effect of the illness. Thus, billions of dollars have been, and still are being, invested in research to understand the physiological and pathophysiological functions of ion channels in an attempt to develop novel therapeutic treatments for a wide range of diseases. This book provides a comprehensive overview of ion channel structure and function. It comprises two major parts: Part one - an introductory overview of the ion channel superfamily and the generic aspects of ion channel function. This part also reviews the methodologies by which ion channel function can be studied from the perspective of performing detailed biophysical characterisation through to the deployment of high throughput approaches for identifying novel ion channel ligands. Part two of the book provides an in-depth review of the individual ion channel subfamilies and, as such, is subdivided into four broad sections: Voltage-Gated Ion Channels, Extracellular Ligand-Gated...

In vivo Cell Biology of Cerebral Cortical Development and Its Related Neurological Disorders: Cellular Insights into Neurogenesis and Neuronal Migration

Autor: Takeshi Kawauchi , Margareta Nikolić , Yoko Arai

Número de Páginas: 270

The brain consists of a complex but precisely organized neural network, which provides the structural basis of higher order functions. Such a complex structure originates from a simple pseudostratified neuroepithelium. During the developing mammalian cerebral cortex, a cohort of neural progenitors, located near the ventricle, differentiates into neurons and exhibits multi-step modes of migration toward the pial surface. Tight regulation of neurogenesis and neuronal migration is essential for the determination of the neuron number in adult brains and the proper positioning of excitatory and inhibitory neurons in a specific layer, respectively. In addition, defects in neurogenesis and neuronal migration can cause several neurological disorders, such as microcephaly, periventricular heterotopia and lissencephaly. Recent advances in genetic approaches to study the developing cerebral cortex, as well as the use of a number of novel techniques, particularly in vivo electroporation and time-lapse analyses using explant slice cultures, have significantly increased our understanding of cortical development. These novel techniques have allowed for cell biological analyses of cerebral...